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Coach Clayton

2006-02-20T00:01:00.000Z

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Floyd Clayton is a fictional character, an African American coach of the Archie Comics universe. He is Chuck Clayton's father.

Coach Clayton is a righteous physical education teacher at Riverdale High School who believes in practicing and experimenting with various methods for teaching students. He is also very open and warm, which has led many in the student body to seek out his advice as well as tell him about their problems. Unlike his fellow phys-ed teacher Coach Kleats, he is in excellent physical condition -- although both men are very good athletes.

Coach Clayton's first name is either Floyd or Harry, as he's been called Floyd many times by faculty in regular digest stories. However, in the Faculty Funnies mini-series, where Mr. Weatherbee, Mr. Flutesnoot, Miss Grundy and Coach Clayton were secretly superheroes who all possessed super powers, Clayton was refferred to as Harry.

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coach_Clayton"

Categories: Archie Comics characters | Fictional African-Americans

Our Friends in the North

2006-02-19T00:01:00.000Z

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The opening titles sequence of Our Friends in the North.

Our Friends in the North is a British television drama serial, produced by the BBC and originally broadcast in nine episodes on BBC2 in early 1996. Telling the story of four friends from the city of Newcastle in north-eastern England over 31 years from 1964 to 1995, it also brought in real political and social events both specific to Newcastle and from Britain as a whole during the era portrayed.

The serial is commonly regarded as one of the most successful BBC television dramas of the 1990s, described by The Daily Telegraph as "A production where all... worked to serve a writer's vision. We are not likely to look upon its like again."^[1] In a poll of industry professionals conducted by the British Film Institute in 2000, it was 25th in a list of the 100 Greatest British Television Programmes of the 20th century.

It was also a controversial production, as its stories were partly based on real politicians and political events, and several years passed before it was adapted from a play performed by the Royal Shakespeare Company, due in part to the BBC's fear of legal action.

1 Plot
2 Background
3 Production and broadcast
4 Critical reception
5 References
6 External links

[]

Plot

Spoiler warning: Plot and/or ending details follow.

Nicky, played by Christopher Eccleston, arrives back in Newcastle at the beginning of the first episode, 1964.

Each of the nine episodes of the serial takes place in the year after which it is named, 1964, 1966, 1967, 1970, 1974, 1979, 1984, 1987, and 1995. The episodes follow the four main characters and their changing lives, careers and relationships against the backdrop of the political and social events in the United Kingdom at the time.

The four friends are Dominic 'Nicky' Hutchinson (played by Christopher Eccleston), Mary Soulsby (Gina McKee), George 'Geordie' Peacock (Daniel Craig) and Terry 'Tosker' Cox (Mark Strong). The series begins with Nicky returning from a period working with the civil rights movement in the southern United States to resume his studies at the University of Manchester and reuniting with his girlfriend, Mary, and best friends Geordie and Tosker, with whom he is hoping to form a pop group.

However, Nicky is persuaded to drop out and work for corrupt local politician Austin Donohue (Alun Armstrong), swayed by Donohue's apparent idealism and desire to change Newcastle for the better. This is much to the annoyance of his trade unionist father Felix (Peter Vaughan), who does not want his son to waste the opportunity of bettering himself by taking chances he was never given when he was Nicky's age. Nicky's relationship with Mary ends when she is made pregnant by Tosker, whom she later marries, which also causes her to have to drop out of university. On the run from his own pregnant girlfriend and abusive alcoholic father, Geordie heads for London, where he falls in with seedy underworld baron Benny Barrett (Malcolm McDowell).

Geordie initially becomes successful under Barrett's employ, working in his Soho nightclubs and sex shops. He also manages to help Tosker and Mary, introducing Tosker to Barrett who lends him the money to start his own fruit and vegetable business, his former dreams of musical stardom having gradually faded away. Nicky, meanwhile, realises the extent of Donohue's corrupt dealings with the building contractor John Edwards (Geoffrey Hutchings) and resigns in disgust, eventually becoming involved with extreme left-wing anarchists in London.

By the early 1970s, the police have cracked down on Barrett's business, but not before Barrett has set Geordie up, sending him to prison for three years in retaliation for an affair Geordie had with Barrett's lover. Nicky's anarchist cell is raided and he returns to Newcastle, as eventually does Geordie. By 1979, Nicky has returned to more mainstream politics and stands as a Member of Parliament in the general election for the Labour Party, but is defeated by the Conservative Party candidate after a smear campaign. Geordie leaves again shortly before the election, not to be seen in the series again until 1987.

By 1984, Nicky is working as a successful photographer, and Mary has left Tosker who has married for a second time and is rapidly becoming a rich businessman. Nicky and Mary renew their former relationship during the turbulent events of the miners' strike and eventually marry. By 1987 however their marriage is falling apart, Nicky has an affair with a young student and is also forced to confront his father's descent into Alzheimer's disease. He meets Geordie, now a homeless, drunken vagrant, by chance in London, but his old friend disappears before he has a chance to help him. Eventually Geordie is sentenced to life in prison as a danger to the public after setting fire to a mattress in a hostel. Despite her failing marriage to Nicky, Mary's life elsewhere is becoming an increasing success, and she is now a councillor. Tosker, meanwhile, has lost his fortune in the stock market crash.

The final episode, 1995, sees Nicky – who has emigrated to Italy – returning to Newcastle to oversee the funeral of his mother. Tosker has managed to rebuild his business and is about to hold the opening night of his new floating nightclub, based on a boat moored on the River Tyne. Mary, now a Labour MP, is also invited to the opening, and Tosker is surprised to find Geordie back in the city as well – he has escaped from prison. Neither Mary nor Geordie makes it to the opening night party, but the four friends are eventually reunited the following day, at Nicky's house after his mother's funeral. Tosker leaves to be with his grandchildren and Mary also leaves after agreeing to meet up with Nicky for lunch the next day. However, a desperate Nicky realises that "Tomorrow's too late" and runs after Mary's car, eventually attracting her attention and breathlessly asking, "Why not today?" to which she agrees, smiling. Meanwhile, Geordie walks off, and the series ends with him heading off into the distance across the Tyne Bridge, after looking down at Tosker playing with his grandchildren on the boat below. As Geordie walks away and the credits fade up, the music of Oasis's Don't Look Back In Anger is heard.

[]

Background

Tosker (Mark Strong) in the fourth episode, 1970.

Our Friends in the North was originally written by the playwright Peter Flannery for the theatre, while he was a resident playwright for the Royal Shakespeare Company in 1982. The play was produced by the RSC, and in its original form went up only to the 1979 general election and the coming to power of the new Conservative government under Margaret Thatcher.

Flannery was heavily influenced not only by his own political viewpoints and life experiences, but by the real-life history of his home city of Newcastle during the 1960s and 1970s. Characters such as Austin Donohue and John Edwards were directly based on the real-life scandals of T. Dan Smith and John Poulson, who built cheap high-rise housing projects in Newcastle that they knew to be of low quality. Flannery went to visit Smith and explained that he was going to write a play based on the events of the scandal, to which Smith apparently replied, "There is a play here of Shakespearean proportions."^[2]

The stage version of the story was seen by BBC television drama producer Michael Wearing, who was immediately keen on producing a television adaptation. Wearing was based at the BBC English Regions Drama Department at BBC Birmingham, which had a specific remit for making "regional drama", and had established his reputation by producing Alan Bleasdale's Boys from the Blackstuff in 1982. Flannery was also keen on writing a television version, but during the 1980s the pair were frustrated in their attempts to bring the story to the screen, as various BBC executives failed to green light the project, which twice stalled in preproduction.

By 1989, however, Wearing had been recalled to the central BBC drama department in London, where he was made Head of Serials. This new seniority eventually allowed him to further the cause of Our Friends in the North, and Flannery also wrote to the BBC's then Managing Director of Television, Will Wyatt, "accusing him of cowardice for not approving it."^[3] The BBC were concerned not only with the budget and resources that would be required to produce the serial, but also with potential legal issues, due to the basing of so much of the background story on real-life events and people such as Smith and Poulson and former Home Secretary Reginald Maudling, upon whom another character, Claud Seabrook, was based. According to The Observer newspaper, one senior BBC lawyer, Glen Del Medico, even threatened to resign if the production was made, while others tried to persuade Flannery to reset the piece "in a fictional country called Albion rather than Britain."^[4]

However, the legal situation was eased after the deaths of Smith and Poulson in 1993, and Wearing, Flannery and their chosen producer for the serial, Charles Pattinson, were able to persuade the then Controller of BBC2, Michael Jackson, to commission the piece. The long delay in production did, however, have the advantageous side effect of allowing Flannery to extend the story, and instead of ending in 1979 it now carried on into the 1990s, allowing him to cover other politically charged events such as the miners' strike of 1984.

[]

Production and broadcast

Gina McKee as Mary in 1979.

The epic scale of the production required Jackson to devote a budget of £8 million^[5] to the serial – half of his serials budget for the entire year.^[6] The speaking cast numbered 160, the production employed over 3000 extras and filming lasted for a year,^[7] from the autumn of 1994 to the autumn of 1995.^[8] Although he had originally intended to produce the serial himself in the 1980s, Wearing was now Executive Producer, with Charles Pattinson producing.

Of the actors playing the four main roles, only Eccleston was well-known prior to featuring in the serial, having starred in the ITV drama series Cracker and the film Shallow Grave. He had initially been seen by the production team as being a good candidate to play Geordie, but had been very keen to play Nicky instead, eventually winning that role.^[9] He had become aware of the serial after being told about the scripts by the director of Shallow Grave, Danny Boyle, who had been approached by Michael Wearing to direct all nine episodes. Boyle was initially keen, but wanted to see how Shallow Grave fared first. When the film proved to be a success Boyle decided to concentrate on his film career instead.^[10]

Following Boyle's turning down of directing duties, Pattinson and Wearing decided to assign different directors to each 'era' of the project, with Stuart Urban assigned the first five episodes and Simon Cellan-Jones the final four. However, after completing the first two episodes and some of the shooting for the third, Urban left the project after disagreements with the production team – Christopher Eccleston has summed this up by stating that Urban was apparently "only interested in painting pretty pictures."^[11] Director Pedr James was hired to shoot the remainder of what were to have been Urban's episodes, with all three directors being credited on the third instalment.

However, there were to be further problems with the already completed opening instalment, 1964, again partially due to the dissatisfaction of the production team with Urban's direction. After viewing the completed material for the episode, Wearing and Pattinson took the expensive decision to entirely reshoot it, under James's direction, in between the sixth (1979) and seventh (1984) episodes. However, it was not a simple reshooting of existing scenes – Flannery took the opportunity to completely rewrite the opening episode, in some cases changing the initial storylines of the characters quite drastically, such as no longer having Mary already married to Tosker when the serial begins.^[12] This was mainly done because the initial episode had been the one most faithful to the original text of the stage play, and Flannery felt that the storyline needed opening out for television, as well as simply having changed his mind about various ideas since he had written the original play.^[13]

Aside from the remount of the first episode, the serial was shot on an episode-by-episode basis, with the exception of the scenes involving the character of Benny Barrett, played by Malcolm McDowell across various episodes from 1966 to 1979. These were all shot together in one block, as McDowell was not resident in the UK, living then in the United States, and for budgetary reasons the production team did not want to keep him in the country for any longer than was necessary.^[14] This was considered more than worthwhile, however, for the prestige of being able to use an actor such as McDowell, predominantly a film actor who rarely did television work.

Much use was made throughout the production of contemporaneous popular music to evoke the feel of the year in which each episode was set. This led to a particular piece of synchronicity in the final episode, 1995, which Cellan-Jones had decided to close with the song Don't Look Back In Anger by Oasis, which while the serial was in production was only another track from their (What's the Story) Morning Glory? album. However, during transmission of Our Friends in the North it was released as a single, and to Cellan-Jones's delight it was at the top of the UK Singles Chart the week of the final episode's transmission.^[15]

Our Friends in the North was broadcast in nine episodes on BBC2 at 9pm on Monday nights, from January 15 to March 11 1996, with a break on January 22 when no episode was shown. Unusually for a drama series, the running times of the episodes were inconsistent – although nominally seventy minutes each, they in fact varied from 63 minutes, 49 seconds (1966) to 74 minutes 40 seconds (1987). The total running time of the serial is ten hours, twenty-three minutes.

Following its great success, Our Friends in the North was very quickly given a repeat broadcast on BBC2, on Saturday nights. It was also released on VHS across two double-video packs (1964 – 1974 and 1979 – 1995). In 2002, BMG Video released the complete series on DVD in a four-disc set, which along with the original episodes contained several extra features. These were a retrospective discussion of the series by Wearing, Pattinson, Flannery, James and Cellan-Jones; specially shot interviews with Eccleston and McKee, and a detailed text synopsis of the plot of the original opening episode. In the 2000s, the serial has also been screened by the digital television station UKTV Drama. In February 2006, BBC4 began a repeat screening of the serial. Both Eccleston and Craig later went on to achieve high "cult" notability when they starred in Doctor Who and James Bond respectively.

[]

Critical reception

Geordie, played by Daniel Craig, destitute in the London of 1987.

Both during and after its original transmission on BBC2, the serial was generally praised by the critics. Reviewing the first episode in The Observer, Ian Bell wrote that: "Flannery's script is faultless; funny, chilling, evocative, spare, linguistically precise. The four young friends about to share 31 hellish years in the life of modern Britain are excellently played."^[16]

The conclusion of the serial in March brought similar praise. "Our Friends in the North confounded the gloomier predictions about its content and proved that there was an audience for political material, provided that it found its way to the screen through lives imagined in emotional detail... It will be remembered for an intimate sense of character, powerful enough to make you forgive its faults and stay loyal to the end,"^[17] was the verdict of The Independent on the final episode. Writing in the same newspaper the following day, Jeffrey Richards added that "Monday night's final episode of Our Friends in the North has left many people bereft. The serial captivated much of the country, sketching a panoramic view of life in Britain from the Sixties to the Nineties... At once sweeping and intimate, both moving and angry, simultaneously historical and contemporary, it has followed in the distinguished footsteps of BBC series such as Boys from the Blackstuff."^[18]

However, the response was not exclusively positive. In The Independent on Sunday, columnist Lucy Ellmann criticised both what she saw as the unchanging nature of the characters and Flannery's concentration on friendship rather than family. "What's in the water there anyway? These are the youngest grandparents ever seen! Nothing has changed about them since 1964 except a few grey hairs... It's quite impressive that anything emotional could be salvaged from this nine-part hop, skip and jump through the years. In fact we still hardly know these people – zooming from one decade to the next has a distancing effect,"^[19] she wrote of the former point. And of the latter, "Peter Flannery seems to want to suggest that friendships are the only cure for a life blighted by deficient parents. But all that links this ill-matched foursome in the end is history and sentimentality. The emotional centre of the writing is still in family ties."^[20]

Despite such criticisms, the high regard in which the serial was generally held saw it win several major awards in the year following its transmission. The British Academy Television Awards, the most prestigious in the British television industry, saw the serial win Best Actress (Gina McKee) and Best Drama Serial; at the Royal Television Society Awards it won for Best Actor (Christopher Eccleston), Best Actress (McKee), Best Drama Serial and Best Writer; the Broadcasting Press Guild Awards for Best Actor (Eccleston) and Best Actress (McKee), and a Certificate of Merit in the Television Drama Miniseries category at the San Francisco International Film Festival.^[21]

The years since its broadcast have also seen the serial maintain its reputation as one of the most successful British television drama serials ever to have been screened. In 2000, the British Film Institute conducted a poll of industry professionals to find the 100 Greatest British Television Programmes of the 20th century, with Our Friends in the North finishing in twenty-fifth position, eighth position out of the dramas featured on the list. The commentary for the Our Friends in the North entry on the BFI website described it as a "Powerful and evocative drama series... The series impressed with its ambition, humanity and willingness to see the ambiguities beyond the rhetoric."^[22] The serial was also included in an alphabetical list of the forty greatest TV shows published by the Radio Times magazine in August 2003, chosen by their television editor Alison Graham.

[]

References

^ Unknown. "The Daily Telegraph". Quoted on the DVD release cover. (BMG DVD 74321 941149).
^ Flannery, Peter. Retrospective - An interview with the creators of the series. Included as a bonus feature on the DVD release. (BMG DVD 74321 941149).
^ Brooks, Richard (Media Editor). Friends come in from the BBC cold. As election looms, controversial political drama serial comes to screen after 14-year gestation. "The Guardian". Monday January 1, 1996 (page 7).
^ Ibid.
^ Ibid.
^ Sutcliffe, Thomas. Our Friends in the North (BBC2) "The Independent". Tuesday March 12 1996 (page 24).
^ Brooks, Richard (Media Editor). Friends come in from the BBC cold. As election looms, controversial political drama serial comes to screen after 14-year gestation. "The Guardian". Monday January 1 1996 (page 7).
^ Eccleston, Christopher. Interview with Christopher Eccleston. Filmed at the Circle Club, Manchester, 10th April 2002. Included as a bonus feature on the DVD release. (BMG DVD 74321 941149).
^ Ibid.
^ Wearing, Michael. Retrospective - An interview with the creators of the series.
^ Eccleston, Christopher. Interview with Christopher Eccleston. Filmed at the Circle Club, Manchester, 10th April 2002.
^ Wearing, Michael. Retrospective - An interview with the creators of the series.
^ Ibid.
^ Cellan-Jones, Simon. Ibid.
^ Ibid.
^ Bell, Ian. A brief history of Tyne. Peter's friends corner the market in absorbing political drama while symbols clash in Covent Garden. "The Observer". Sunday January 21 1996 (page 18).
^ Sutcliffe, Thomas. Our Friends in the North (BBC2) "The Independent". Tuesday March 12 1996 (page 24).
^ Richards, Jeffrey. The BBC's voice of two nations. "The Independent". Wednesday March 13 1996 (page 15).
^ Ellmann, Lucy. With friends like these... "The Independent on Sunday". Sunday March 17 1996 (page 12).
^ Ibid.
^ Internet Movie Database awards page for Our Friends in the North. Retrieved September 14, 2005.
^ Wickham, Phil (2000). British Film Institute TV 100 entry on Our Friends in the North. Retrieved September 14 2005.

[]

External links

Our Friends in the North at the Internet Movie Database.

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Our_Friends_in_the_North"

Categories: Television miniseries | BBC television programmes | Newcastle upon Tyne

Evangelical Free Church of China

2006-02-18T00:01:00.000Z

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The Evangelical Free of Church of China (EFCC) was established by the Reverend Hans J. von Qualen in 1888. It established its first church in Hong Kong in 1937. In 1949, a large number of missionaries relocated themselves south to Hong Kong when there was a change in Chinese political scenery. At the same time, the EFCC Headquarters was also moved to Hong Kong to continue the implementation of its goal.

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evangelical_Free_Church_of_China"

Categories: Christianity in China | Hong Kong | Protestantism | Tung Fook Church

Charles Beeder

2006-02-17T00:01:00.000Z

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Charles Beeder Sr. was an early Kenpo student of Ed Parker, and was the first person promoted to brown belt by Ed Parker (probably in June 1956, possibly at the same time as Mills Crenshaw). Some believe that he was not only Mr. Parker's earliest student who stayed with Kenpo, studying under him as early as 1955 at Brigham Young University, but also his first black belt. However, Mr. Beeder's son Charles Beeder Jr., who himself received a Kenpo black belt in 1980, has been quoted as saying that when Mr. Parker left Utah for California, all of his students were brown belts (at the time only white, brown, and black belts were used in the system), and that his father did not receive his black belt until 1963, leaving James Ibrao as Ed Parker's first black belt.

Charles Beeder was an instructor under Ed Parker at his school in California and worked in law enforcement as a fish and game warden in Provo, UT. His sons Charles Jr. and Frank Beeder are both Kenpo black belts through Stephen M. Snelson.

[]

External links

Ed Parker's First Shodan Photos from Charles Beeder's collection.

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Beeder"

American Hairless Terrier

2006-02-16T00:01:00.000Z

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American Hairless Terrier

Alternative names

Country of origin
United States
Common nicknames

Classification and breed standards
FCI:	Group Section {{{fcisection}}} #{{{fcinum}}}	[{{{fcistd}}} Stds]
AKC:	{{{akcgroup}}}	[{{{akcstd}}} Stds]
	The AKC Foundation Stock Service (FSS) is an optional recording service for purebred dogs that are not yet eligible for AKC registration.
	The AKC Miscellaneous class is for breeds working towards full AKC recognition.
ANKC:	{{{ankcgroup}}}	[{{{ankcstd}}} Stds]
CKC:		[{{{ckcstd}}} Stds]
	The CKC Miscellaneous group is for breeds working towards full CKC recognition.
KC (UK):	{{{kcukgroup}}}	[{{{kcukstd}}} Stds]
NZKC:	{{{nzkcgroup}}}	[{{{nzkcstd}}} Stds]
UKC:	Terriers	Stds
Not recognized by any major kennel club
This breed of dog is extinct
Notes

The American Hairless Terrier was formerly a variant type of Rat Terrier. As of January 1, 2004 the American Hairless Terrier has been deemed a separate terrier breed.

[]

History

Reputedly, the breed started when one hairless puppy appeared in one Rat Terrier litter in the state of Louisiana, United States, in 1972. Edwin and Willie Scott, the owners, liked the bitch's look and temperament, and upon maturity bred her hoping to reproduce the hairless quality. They were eventually successful; a litter produced in 1981 provided the foundation stock of the breed. A handful of dedicated breeders began diligently working together to promote and protect the breed, forming the American Hairless Terrier Association,Inc., the Provisional Parent Club for the breed within the United Kennel Club, Inc. Since its formation, the breed has expanded to a worldwide status with AHTs in many European countries.

[]

External links

This dog-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. If this is a dog-breed article, see some suggestions for information to add.

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Hairless_Terrier"

Categories: Dog stubs | Dog breeds | Terriers | Hairless dogs

Rhinophis oxyrhynchus

2006-02-15T00:01:00.000Z

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Schneider's Earth Snake

Scientific classification

Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Reptilia
Order:	Squamata
Suborder:	Serpentes
Family:	Uropeltidae
Genus:	Rhinophis
Species:	R. oxyrhynchus

Binomial name

Rhinophis oxyrhynchus
(Schneider, 1801)

Schneider's Earth Snake Rhinophis oxyrhynchus is a species of snake found in Sri Lanka. Distribution: Sri Lanka (Northern and Eastern Provinces, Mullaitivu; Vavoniya; Trincomalee)

Type locality: India orientali" [Typhlops oxyrhynchus SCHNEIDER 1801] Type locality: Trincomalie, and [. . .] the Kandyan Province" [Dapatnaya lanka-divana Kelaart] Type locality: Ceylon" [Mytilia (?Rhinophis) unimaculata Gray]

[]

External links

EMBL reptile database

[]

References

Beddome,R.H. 1886 An account of the earth snakes of the Peninsula of India and Ceylon. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (5) 17: 3-33.
Gray,J.E. 1858 On a new genus and several new species of Uropeltidae in the collection of the British Museum. Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1858: 260-265.
Gray,J.E. 1858 On a new genus and several new species of Uropeltidae in the collection of the British Museum. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (3) 2: 376-381

This snake article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhinophis_oxyrhynchus"

Categories: Snakes | Snake stubs

Abdullahi Adamu

2006-02-14T00:01:00.000Z

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Alhaji Abdullahi Adamu (b. 6 July 1945) has been governor of Nassarawa State in Nigeria since 29 May 1999. He is a member of the ruling People's Democratic Party (PDP).

Current governors of Nigerian states
Abia: Orji Uzor Kalu Adamawa: Boni Haruna Akwa Ibom: Victor Attah Anambra: Chris Ngige Bauchi: Adamu Mu'azu Bayelsa: Goodluck Jonathan Benue: George Akume Borno: Ali Modo Sheriff Cross River: Donald Duke Delta: James Ibori Ebonyi: Sam Egwu Edo: Lucky Igbinedion	Ekiti: Ayo Fayose Enugu: Chimaroke Nnamani Gombe: Mohammed Danjuma Goje Imo: Achike Udenwa Jigawa: Saminu Turaki Kaduna: Ahmed Makarfi Kano: Ibrahim Shekarau Katsina: Umaru Musa Yar'Adua Kebbi: Adamu Aliero Kogi: Ibrahim Idris Kwara: Bukola Saraki Lagos: Bola Tinubu	Nassarawa: Abdullahi Adamu Niger: Abdulkadir Kure Ogun: Gbenga Daniel Ondo: Olusegun Agagu Osun: Olagunsoye Oyinlola Oyo: Christopher Alao-Akala Plateau: Joshua Dariye Rivers: Peter Odili Sokoto: Attahiru Bafarawa Taraba: Jolly Nyame Yobe: Bukar Ibrahim Zamfara: Ahmed Sani Yerima

This article about an African politician is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

This Nigerian biographical article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdullahi_Adamu"

Categories: African politician stubs | Nigerian people stubs | 1945 births | Living people | Nigerian politicians

Roxana High School

2006-02-13T00:01:00.000Z

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Roxana High School is a secondary school in Roxana, Illinois. It is part of the Roxana Community Unit School District #1. The school has a unique mascot, the shell, named for the former Shell Oil (now ConocoPhillips) refinery also located in the town. RHS was founded in 1941.

**Roxana High School**

Administration	Mr. Derek Hacke, Principal Mr. Cory Breden, Assistant Principal
School type	Public (U.S.)
Religious affiliation	None
Grade level	9th through 12th Grade
Year founded	1941
Location	Roxana, Illinois
Enrollment	about 550 students
Campus setting	Suburban
Mascot	Shell
Mascot image	no image added yet
School colors	Red, Blue, and Yellow

1 Sports
2 Other extracurricular organizations
3 Notable alumni
4 References
5 External links

[]

Sports

RHS is a part of the Illinois High School Association in the East Division of the South Central Conference, participating in 10 out of 14 sports offered for boys and 10 out of 14 sports offered for girls; they are:

[]

For boys

[]

For girls

[]

Non-IHSA-sanctioned sports

[]

Other extracurricular organizations

Student Council
Business Network
Art Club
German Club
History Club
FCCLA
Photography Club
National Honor Society
Pep Club
"R" Club
SADD
Spanish Club
Sweet 16 (a dance team)
Scholar Bowl
Thespians
Chorus
Ensemble
Science Olympiad
Concert Band
Jazz Band
Tri-M

[]

Notable alumni

Harry Gallatin - Basketball player, coach; Basketball Hall of Fame member

[]

References

Local paper - "Roxana mulling new high school"

[]

External links

RHS Official Website

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roxana_High_School"

Categories: Educational institutions established in the 1940s | High schools in Illinois

Aestheticization

2006-02-12T00:01:00.000Z

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Aestheticization can refer to

This is a disambiguation page: a list of articles associated with the same title. If an internal link referred you to this page, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article.

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aestheticization"

Category: Disambiguation

Guallatiri

2006-02-11T00:01:00.000Z

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Mount Guallatiri is one of the most active volcanoes in northern Chile. It lies just West of the border with Bolivia and at the South West end of the Nevadoes de Quimsachata. It is a symmetrical 6071 m high ice-clad stratovolcano.

This Chile-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

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Categories: Chile stubs | Volcanoes of Chile

Jadeja

2006-02-10T00:01:00.000Z

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Jadeja is a chandravanshi rajput kula.

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Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jadeja"

Categories: Social groups of India | Indian surnames | Ethnic groups in India | India stubs

Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago

2006-02-09T00:01:00.000Z

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Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, located at the corner of LaSalle and Jackson streets.

The Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago is the headquarters of the Seventh Federal Reserve District, which covers Iowa and most of Illinois, Indiana, Michigan and Wisconsin. It has a branch office in Detroit, a regional office in Des Moines. The president as of 2005 is Michael H. Moskow.

[]

External links

Chicago Fed's home page

This bank, insurance, or financial corporation article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_Reserve_Bank_of_Chicago"

Categories: Finance corporation stubs | Federal Reserve Banks

Mercer Management Consulting

2006-02-08T00:01:00.000Z

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Mercer Management Consulting is a management consulting firm headquartered in New York City. It is part of Marsh and McLennan.

This corporation or company article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercer_Management_Consulting"

Categories: Corporation stubs | Management consulting firms

National Health Research Institutes (Taiwan)

2006-02-07T00:01:00.000Z

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National Health Research Institutes in Taipei is a non-profit foundation dedicated to medical research and improved health care in Taiwan. Established by the Republic of China government in 1995, NHRI is under the supervision of the ROC Department of Health.

1 Organization
- 1.1 Research Divisions
- 1.2 Departments
2 External links

[]

Organization

NHRI has 10 research divisions and 4 departments:

[]

Research Divisions

Division of Cancer Research, Director, Jacqueline Whang-Peng, M.D.
Division of Molecular & Genomic Medicine, Director, Shih-Feng Tsai, M.D., Ph.D.
Division of Clinical Research, Director, Ih-Jen Su, M.D., Ph.D.
Division of Biotechnology & Pharmaceutical Research, Director, Yu-Sheng Chao, Ph.D.
Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Director, Chao Hsiung, Ph.D.
Division of Health Policy Research, Director, Yaw-Tang Shih, M.D.,Dr.P.H.
Division of Environmental Health & Occupational Medicine, Director, Ying-Chin Ko, Ph.D.
Division of Medical Engineering Research, Director, Ned H. C. Hwang, Ph.D.
Division of Mental Health & Substance Abuse Research, Director Keh-Ming Lin, M.D., M.P.H.
Division of Gerontology Research Acting, Director, Chun-Chin Liang, Ph.D.
Vaccine Research and Development Center, Director, Pele Choi-Sing Chong, Ph.D.
Stem Cell Research Center, Director, Yao-Chang Chen, M.D., Ph.D.
Nanomedicine Research Center, Director, Chung-Shi Yang, Ph.D.
Health Policy Research Center, Director, Ming-Liang Lee, M.D., Ph.D.

[]

Departments

Administration
Intramural Research
Extramural Research
Research Resource

[]

External links

http://www.nhri.org.tw/index/home.html National Health Research Institutes]

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Health_Research_Institutes_%28Taiwan%29"

Category: Republic of China

List of Boeing 767 operators

2006-02-06T00:01:00.000Z

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The following is a list of operators of the Boeing 767:

1 Africa
2 Asia
3 Europe
4 Middle East
5 North America
6 Oceania
7 South America

[]

Africa

[]

Asia

[]

Europe

[]

Middle East

[]

North America

[]

Oceania

[]

South America

This article about aviation is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Boeing_767_operators"

Category: Aviation stubs

Comedi

2006-02-05T00:01:00.000Z

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The Comedi project develops open source device drivers, tools, and libraries for data acquisition.

Comedi is a collection of drivers for a variety of common data acquisition plugin boards. The drivers are implemented as a core Linux kernel module providing common functionality and individual low-level driver modules.

[]

External links

Comedi Website

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comedi"

Category: Free software

Solid Gold Saturday Night

2006-02-04T00:01:00.000Z

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Solid Gold Saturday Night is a live national oldies radio show broadcasted on Saturdays which started in 1982 & hosted by Dick Bartley. This show became Rock & Roll’s Greatest Hits in 1991.

This article about a radio show or program(me) is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solid_Gold_Saturday_Night"

Category: Radio show stubs

Legal egalitarianism

2006-02-03T00:01:00.000Z

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Legal egalitarianism maintains that all citizens are equal before the law.

Specifically, legal egalitarianism admits no class structures that entail separate legal practices. Thus, canon law, star chambers, and aristocracy are alike forbidden, and the testimony of all persons is counted with the same weight. This political development arose in the 18th century in both the United States and France after their revolutionary periods. It was a radical development, as it negated the former feudal and aristocratic foundations.

This politics-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legal_egalitarianism"

Categories: Politics stubs | Political theories

Amphibious warfare

2006-02-02T00:01:00.000Z

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History of Warfare
Eras
Prehistoric · Ancient · Medieval · Gunpowder · Industrial · Modern
Theaters
Aerial · Amphibious · Arctic · Desert · Jungle · Mountain · Naval · Ski · Space · Urban ·
Weapons
Armoured · Artillery · Biological · Cavalry · Chemical · Electronic · Infantry · Information · Mechanized · Nuclear · Psychological · Radiological · Submarine
Tactics
Asymmetric · Attrition · Conventional · Ground · Guerrilla · Fortification · Maneuver · Naval · Network-centric · Siege · Total · Trench · Unconventional
Lists
Battles · Civil wars · Commanders · Invasions · Operations · Sieges · Tactics · Wars

Amphibious warfare is the assault of an objective located on land by a force attacking from ships. It requires landing craft to transport troops to land from the ships which carry them to the area to be assaulted.

An amphibious assault is one of the most difficult military operations:

coordination of fire from ships and aircraft
perilous task of disembarking from landing craft onto a shore held by the enemy
defenders have a tremendous advantage due to the open spaces found on most beaches.

1 History
2 See also
3 References

[]

History

[]

19th century

An early form of amphibious warfare was employed during the War of the Pacific in 1879, and saw coordination of army, navy and specialized units.

The first amphibious assault of the war took place as 2,100 Chilean troops successfully took Pisagua from 1,200 Peruvian and Bolivian defenders on 2 November 1879. Chilean Navy ships bombarded Allied beach defenses for several hours at dawn, followed by open, oared boats landing Army infantry and sapper units into waist-deep water, under enemy fire. An outnumbered first landing wave fought at the beach; the second and third waves in the following hours were able to overcome resistance and move inland. By the end of the day, an expeditionary army of 10,000 had disembarked at the captured port.

Additional amphibious assaults would be carried out thorough the war. By early 1881, Chilean commanders were using purpose-built, flat-bottomed landing craft that would deliver troops in shallow water closer to the beach.

Landing tactics and operations were closely observed by neutral parties during the war: two Royal Navy ships monitored the Battle of Pisagua; U.S. Navy observer Lt. Theodorus B.M. Mason included an account on his report The War on the Pacific Coast of South America.

V Beach, viewed from the SS River Clyde on 25 April 1915.

[]

World War I

During World War I, amphibious warfare was still in its infancy: tactics and equipment were rudimentary and required much improvisation.

During this period, British Royal Marine Light Infantry (merged with the Royal Marine Artillery in the 1920s to form the Royal Marines) were used primarily as naval parties onboard Royal Navy warships to maintain discipline and man ships' guns. The RMLI joined a new Royal Navy division - the Royal Naval Division - formed in 1914 to fight on land; however, throughout the conflict, army units were depended upon to provide the bulk - if not all - of troops used in amphibious landings.

The first amphibious assault of the war ended in disaster in 1914. A large British Indian Army force was directed to launch an amphibious assault on Tanga, German East Africa. British actions prior to the assault, however, alerted the Germans to prepare to repel an invasion. The Indian forces suffered heavy casualties when they advanced on the city, forcing them to withdraw back to their boats, leaving much of their equipment behind.

The Allied invasion against the Ottoman Empire at the Battle of Gallipoli in 1915 proved even more disastrous than Tanga, in part due to incompetence at the high command.

Soldiers were landed via open, oared whaleboats and tugs at Anzac and Helles. At V Beach, Helles, the landing troops - inexperienced at amphibious landings - were effectively slaughtered by the Ottoman defenders, most not even making it out of their landing craft. The Royal Dublin Fusiliers, for example, lost their commanding officer and suffered over 500 casualties.

In a second landing at Suvla in August, the forerunner of modern landing craft - the armoured 'Beetle' - was first used by the British.

Troops from the U.S. 1st Division landing on Omaha beach.

[]

World War II

Arguably the most famous amphibious assault was the Normandy landings on 6 June 1944, in which British, Canadian, French and US forces were landed at Utah, Omaha, Gold, Juno and Sword Beaches.

Other large amphibious actions in the European Theatre in WWII include:

In the Pacific Theatre, almost every campaign involved "island hopping" assaults from the sea. Some of the famous ones are mentioned:

[]

Post-World War II

Landing ship Rapière

During the Korean War, the U.S. Marine Corps landed at Inchon, which resulted in Chinese intervention in the war on the side of North Korea.

The Royal Marines made their first post-WWII amphbious assault during the Suez War of 1956 when they successfully landed at Suez on 6 November. In the Falklands War. The Royal Marines 3 Commando Brigade (augmented by the British Army's Parachute Regiment) landed at Port San Carlos on 21 May 1982.

The most recent amphibious assault has been carried out by the Royal Marines when they landed at the Al-Faw Peninsula on 20 March 2003 during the Iraqi War.

[]

References

This article does not cite its references or sources. You can help Wikipedia by including appropriate citations.

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amphibious_warfare"

Categories: Articles lacking sources | Warfare

The Scruffs

2006-02-01T00:01:00.000Z

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The Scruffs are a legendary Memphis pop music group founded by writer/guitarist/vocalist Stephen Burns in Memphis, Tennessee circa 1975. The first LP by the group was entitled "Wanna Meet The Scruffs?" and remains an internationally renowned cult classic in the genre of power pop music. Although from Memphis, The Scruffs projected an English pop style. The second CD, released after 20 years (although recorded in 1979-80) was "TeenAge Gurls" also a critically acclaimed LP. Additional collections include: "Angst, The Early Years", "MidTown", "Love, The Scruffs" and "Swingin' Singles.

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Scruffs"

John Trollope

2006-01-31T00:01:00.000Z

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John Trollope may refer to:

Sir John Trollope, 1st Baron Kesteven (1800–1874), former President of the Poor Law Board.
John Trollope (born 1944), association football player.

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Trollope"

Category: Disambiguation

Ego reduction

2006-01-30T00:01:00.000Z

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The concept of ego reduction occurs in several contexts. The term is predicated on the use of Sigmund Freud's concept of the ego to describe the conscious adult self.

Ego reduction has been used

as a goal in Alcoholics Anonymous
as a concept in BDSM play, as in entering "subspace"
as a concept in attaining religious humility.

[]

Christiaan Snouck Hurgronje

2006-01-29T00:01:00.000Z

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Christiaan Snouck Hurgronje (1857-1936) was a Dutch scholar of Oriental cultures and languages and Advisor on Native Affairs to the colonial government of the Netherlands East Indies. Born in Oosterhout in 1857, he became a theology student at Leiden University in 1874. He received his doctorate at Leiden in 1880 with his dissertation ‘Het Mekkaansche Feest’ ("The Festivities of Mecca"). He became a professor at the Leiden School for Colonial Civil Servants in 1881 and visited Mecca in 1884-1885 as one of the first Western scholars of Oriental cultures. In 1889 he became professor of Malay at Leiden University and official advisor to the Dutch government on colonial affairs. He wrote more than 1,400 papers on the situation in Aceh and the position of Islam in the Dutch East Indies, as well as on the colonial civil service and nationalism.

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christiaan_Snouck_Hurgronje"

Categories: Orientalists | 1857 births | 1936 deaths

Vectorization

2006-01-28T00:01:00.000Z

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Vectorization, in computer science, is the process of converting an algorithm from a scalar implementation, which does an operation one pair of operands at a time, to a vector process where a single instruction can refer to a vector (series of adjacent values). Vector processing is a major feature of supercomputers since while there may be some overhead to starting up a vector operation, once it starts each individual operation is faster (in part because it avoids the need for instruction decoding).

One major research topic in computer science is the search for methods of automatic vectorization; seeking methods that would allow a compiler to convert scalar algorithms into vectorized algorithms without human assistance.

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vectorization"

Category: Distributed systems

Japanese post-war economic miracle

2006-01-26T00:01:00.000Z

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Japanese post-war economic miracle (1950-1970) is the name given to the historical phenomenon of Japan's record period of economic growth following World War II, spurred both by US investment and Japanese economic regulation.

1 American Contributions
2 Governmental Contributions
3 MITI
4 Ikeda Administration and Keiretsu
5 The shift to liberalization
6 References

[]

American Contributions

In 1946, Japan’s financial burdens from wartime expenses threatened economic ruin. Post-war inflation, unemployment and shortages in all areas seemed overwhelming. Japan’s immediate economic improvement was not achieved on its own. The American government, under the auspices of the Supreme Commander of the Allied Powers (SCAP), played a crucial role in Japan’s initial economic recovery. To SCAP officials, economic development was a priority so that Japan could not only be democratized but also to prevent the reemergence of militarism and the spread of communism. According to SCAP, Japan’s economic health was vital to the American position in the Cold War. By 1951, America had poured more than $2 billion into the Japanese economy. Furthermore, military hostilities in the Korean peninsula further boosted the economy in 1950 because the U.S. government paid the Japanese government large sums for "special military procurement." These payments ammounted to 27% of Japan’s total export trade. The United States also insisted that Japan be admitted to GATT as a "temporary member" – over British opposition. During the Korean War, SCAP departed and full sovereignty was returned to the government of Japan.

[]

Governmental Contributions

The Japanese financial recovery continued even after SCAP departed and the economic boom propelled by the Korean War abated. Japan’s economy survived the deep recession caused by a loss of the U.S. payments for military procurement and continued to make gains. By the late 1960s, Japan had risen from the ashes of World War II to achieve an astoundingly rapid and complete economic recovery. According to Mikiso Hane, the period leading up to the late 1960’s saw "the greatest years of prosperity Japan had seen since the Sun Goddess shut herself up behind a stone door to protest her brother Susano-o's misbehavior." The Japanese government contributed to the post-war Japanese economic miracle by stimulating private sector growth first instituting regulations and protectionism that effectively managed economic crises and later by liberalizing the economy.

[]

MITI

The Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI) was instrumental in Japan's post-war economic recovery. According to some scholars, no other governmental regulation or organization had more economic impact than MITI. “The particular speed, form, and consequences of Japanese economic growth,” Chalmers Johnson writes, “are not intelligible without reference to the contributions of MITI” (Johnson, vii). Established in 1949, MITI’s role began with the "Policy Concerning Industrial Rationalization" (1950) that coordinated efforts by industries to counteract the effects of SCAP’s deflationary regulations. In this way, MITI formalized cooperation between the Japanese government and private industry. The extent of the policy was such that if MITI wished to “double steel production, the neo-zaibatsu already has the capital, the construction assets, the makers of production machinery, and most of the other necessary factors already available in-house”. The Ministry coordinated various industries, including the emerging keiretsu, toward a specific end, usually toward the intersection of national production goals and private economic interests.

MITI also boosted the industrial sector by untying the importation of technology from the importation of other goods. MITI's Foreign Capital Law (1950) granted the ministry power to negotiate the price and conditions of technology importation. This element of technological control allowed it to promote industries it deemed promising. The low cost of imported technology allowed for rapid industrial growth. Productivity was greatly improved through new equipment, management, and standardization.

MITI gained the ability regulate all imports with the abolition of the Economic Stabilization Board and the Foreign Exchange Control Board in August 1952. Although the Economic Stabilization Board was already dominated by MITI, the Yoshida Government's transformed it into the Economic Deliberation Agency, a mere "think tank," in effect giving MITI full control over all Japanese imports. Power over the foreign exchange budget was also given directly to MITI.

MITI's establishment of the Japan Development Bank (1951) also provided the private sector with low-cost capital for long-term growth. The Japan Development Bank introduced access to the Fiscal Investment and Loan Plan (FILP), a massive pooling of individual and national savings. At the time FILP controlled four times the savings of the world's largest commerical bank. With this financial power, FILP was able to maintain an abnormally high number of Japanese construction firms (more than twice the number of construction firms of any other nation with a similar GDP).

[]

Ikeda Administration and Keiretsu

In 1954, the economic system MITI had cultivated from 1949 to 1953 came into full effect. Prime Minister Ikeda Hayato, who Johnson calls "the single most important individual architect of the Japanese economic miracle," pursued a policy of heavy industrialization. This policy lead to the emergence of over-loaning (a practice that continues today) in which the Bank of Japan issues loans to city banks who in turn issue loans to industrial conglomerates. Because there was a shortage of capital in Japan at the time, industrial conglomerates borrowed beyond their capacity to repay, often beyond their net worth, causing city banks in turn overborrow from the Bank of Japan. This gave the national Bank of Japan complete control over dependent local banks.

The system of over-loaning, combined with the government's relaxation of anti-monopoly laws (a remnant of SCAP control) also lead to the reemergence of conglomerate groups called keiretsu that mirrored the wartime conglomerates, or zaibatsu. Keiretsu efficiently allocated resources and became competitive internationally. At the heart of the keiretsu conglomerates' success lay city banks, which lent generously, formalizing cross-share holdings in diverse industries. The keiretsu spurred both horizontal and vertical integration, locking out foreign companies from Japanese industries. Keiretsu had close relations with MITI and each other through the cross-placement of shares, providing protection from foreign take-overs. For example, 83% of Japan’s Development Bank’s finances went toward strategic industries: shipbuilding, electric power, coal and steel production. Keiretsu proved crucial to protectionist measure that shielded Japan’s sapling economy.

Keiretsu also fostered an attitude shift among Japanese managers that tolerated low profits in the short-run because keiretsu were less concerned with increasing stock dividends and profits and more concerned about interest payments. Approximately only two-thirds of the shares of a given company were traded, cushioning keiretsu against market fluctuations and allowing keiretsu managers to plan for the long-term and maximize market shares instead of focusing on short-term profits.

The Ikeda Administration also instituted the Foreign Exchange Allocation Policy, a system of import controls designed to prevent the flooding of Japan’s markets by foreign goods. MITI used the foreign exchange allocation to stimulate the economy by promoting exports, managing investment and monitoring production capacity. In 1953, MITI’s revised the Foreign Exchange Allocation Policy to promote domestic industries and increase the incentive for export capacity revising the export-link system. A later revision confirmed based production capacity on foreign exchange allocation to prevent foreign dumping.

[]

The shift to liberalization

The period of of high speed economic growth between 1955 and 1961 paved the way for the "Golden Sixties", an era that is generally associated with the Japanese economic miracle. While the 1950s were characterized by high speed, government managed industrial growth, the 1960’s saw an awkward, but highly successful transition from command economy to economic liberalization. Under the leadership of Prime Minister Ikeda, former minister of MITI, the Japanese government undertook an ambitious "income-doubling plan." Ikeda lowered interest rates and taxes to private motivate spending. In addition, due to the financial flexibility afforded by the FILP, Ikeda’s government rapidly expanded Japan’s infrastructure, building highways, high-speed railways, subways, airports, port facilities, and dams, as well as the communications sector. The Japanese government, breaking from previous policies, also attempted to liberalize and deregulate the wool and textile industries. By the April of 1960, trade imports had been 41 percent liberalized (compared to 22 percent in 1956). Ikeda planned to liberalize trade to 80 percent within three years.

However, governmental liberalization of the economy faced fierce opposition from both industries who had thrived on over-loaning and the nationalist public who feared foreign enterprise takeovers. The Japanese press likened liberalization to "the second coming of the black ships," "the defenselessness of the Japanese islands in the face of attack from huge foreign capitalist powers," and "the readying of the Japanese economy for a bloodstained battle between national capital and foreign capital." Ikeda's income-doubling plan was largely a response to this growing opposition and widespread panic over liberalization, adopted to quell public protests.

Ikeda also set up numerous allied foreign aid distribution agencies to demonstrate of Japan’s willingness to participate in the international order and to promote exports. The creation of these agencies not only acted as a small concession to international organizations, but also dissipated some public fears about liberalization. Ikeda furthered Japan’s global economic integration by joining the GATT in 1963, the IMF, and the OECD in 1964. By the time Ikeda left office, the GNP was growing at a phenomenal rate of 13.9 percent.

[]

References

Allen, G.C. Japan’s Economic Recovery. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1958.
Allinson, Gary. Japan’s Postwar History Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1997.
Dower, John. Embracing Defeat: Japan in the Wake of World War II New York: W.W. Norton, 1999.
Forsberg, Aaron. America and the Japanese Miracle. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2000.
Hane, Mikiso. Eastern Phoenix: Japan Since 1945. Boulder: Westview Press, 1996.
Huber, Thomas. Strategic Economy in Japan. Boulder: Westview Press, 1994.
Johnson, Chalmers. MITI and the Japanese Miracle: The Growth of Industrial Policy, 1925-1975. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1982.
Okazaki, Tetsuji and Takafumi Korenaga. “The Foreign Exchange Allocation Policy in Postwar Japan.” Changes in Exchange Rates in Rapidly Developing Countries. Ed. Takatoshi Ito and Anne Krueger. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1999.
---. “Foreign exchange allocation and productivity growth in postwar Japan: a case of the wool industry” Japan and the World Economy 11 (1999): 267-285
Pyle, Kenneth. The Making of Modern Japan. 2nd ed. Lexington: D.C. Heath and Company, 1996.
Rasche, Paul. “Japan Inc. in the Debt Trap” April 2000. 26 November 2005.[1]
Vestal, James. Planning for Change: Industrial Policy and Japanese Economic Development, 1945-1990 Oxford: Clarendon Press. 1993.

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_post-war_economic_miracle"

Categories: Postwar Japan | Economy of Japan

John Hancock (disambiguation)

2006-01-25T00:01:00.000Z

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John Hancock was an 18th century businessman and one of the Founding Fathers of the United States.

In addition, John Hancock may refer to any of the following:

John Hancock, a 19th century U.S. Representative from Texas
The John Hancock Center, a major skyscraper in Chicago, Illinois
John Hancock Insurance, a major U.S. insurance company
The John Hancock Tower, tallest building in Boston, Massachusetts
The "Old" John Hancock building, also in Boston, Massachusetts

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Hancock_%28disambiguation%29"

Category: Disambiguation

Bulbmon

2006-01-23T00:01:00.000Z

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Bulbmon is an Ultimate Level Machine Digimon. Also known as Valvemon.

[]

Abilities

[]

Attacks

Mad Pump
Octagon Attack

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulbmon"

Category: Ultimate Digimon

Totnes railway station

2006-01-22T00:01:00.000Z

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Totnes railway station serves the towns of Totnes and Dartington in South Devon. A second station for the South Devon Railway steam train situated to the North East, on the opposite bank of the River Dart and parallel to the main line, which opened in the 1990s and was named Totnes Riverside. It is accessed by a pedestrian bridge over the river from the main station, adjacent to the railway bridge over the river, and only open during the very restricted hours the station is open. Prior to this the South Devon steam trains were permitted to use the mainline station while their own was under construction. The station has 4 tracks with 2 platforms on the outer pair. The Unigate milk factory is by the far side platform, whose trains head towards London.

[]

External links

Train times and station information for Totnes railway station from National Rail
Map and aerial photo of Totnes railway station from Multimap.com

Preceding station	National Rail		Following station
Newton Abbot		First Great Western (Great Western Main Line)	Plymouth
Newton Abbot		Virgin Trains (Cross-Country Route)	Plymouth
Newton Abbot		Wessex Trains (Alphaline)	Ivybridge
	Heritage railways
Interchange with Totnes Riverside on the South Devon Railway

UK railway stations:

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Totnes_railway_station"

Category: Railway stations in Devon

Clay Center, Ohio

2006-01-21T00:01:00.000Z

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Clay Center is a village located in Ottawa County, Ohio. As of the 2000 census, the village had a total population of 294.

[]

Geography

Clay Center is located at 41°33'58" North, 83°21'47" West (41.566199, -83.362952)^GR1.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 2.3 km² (0.9 mi²). 2.3 km² (0.9 mi²) of it is land and none of the area is covered with water.

[]

Demographics

As of the census^GR2 of 2000, there are 294 people, 109 households, and 84 families residing in the village. The population density is 126.1/km² (325.6/mi²). There are 113 housing units at an average density of 48.5/km² (125.2/mi²). The racial makeup of the village is 98.30% White, 0.00% African American, 0.00% Native American, 0.00% Asian, 0.00% Pacific Islander, 1.70% from other races, and 0.00% from two or more races. 4.42% of the population are Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There are 109 households out of which 35.8% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.7% are married couples living together, 14.7% have a female householder with no husband present, and 22.9% are non-families. 20.2% of all households are made up of individuals and 11.9% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. The average household size is 2.70 and the average family size is 3.13.

In the village the population is spread out with 28.2% under the age of 18, 8.5% from 18 to 24, 29.6% from 25 to 44, 23.1% from 45 to 64, and 10.5% who are 65 years of age or older. The median age is 35 years. For every 100 females there are 97.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 88.4 males.

The median income for a household in the village is $55,000, and the median income for a family is $55,375. Males have a median income of $40,714 versus $27,813 for females. The per capita income for the village is $22,180. 3.0% of the population and 1.1% of families are below the poverty line. Out of the total population, 4.6% of those under the age of 18 and 0.0% of those 65 and older are living below the poverty line.

[]

External links

Maps and aerial photos
- Street map from Google Local or Yahoo! Maps
- Topographic map from TopoZone
- Aerial image or topographic map from TerraServer-USA
- Satellite image from Google Local or Microsoft Virtual Earth

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clay_Center%2C_Ohio"

Categories: Villages in Ohio | Ottawa County, Ohio

Burkinabè Communist Group

2006-01-20T00:01:00.000Z

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Politics - Politics portal Burkina Faso This article is part of the series: Politics of Burkina Faso

President: Blaise Compaoré Prime Minister: Paramanga Ernest Yonli National Assembly Political parties Elections Presidential: 2005 Foreign relations

Burkinabè Communist Group (in French: Groupe Communiste Burkinabè) was a communist party in Burkina Faso. GCB surged as a split from the Voltaic Revolutionary Communist Party in 1983, following the refusal of PCRV to support the revolutionary government of Thomas Sankara.

In 1986 GCB signed a declaration, together with the Reconstructed Communist Struggle Union, Union of Burkinabè Communists and Revolutionary Military Organization, calling for revolutionary unity. At that time GCB held one minister in the government, Watamou Lamien, Minister of Information and Culture.

In 1989 GCB left the government, following its refusal to join ODP/MT. GCB turned clandestine. In April 1989 it split in two factions, one led by Salif Diallo joined the ODP/MT. The other, led by Jean-Marc Palm became the Movement for Socialist Democracy (MDS) in March 1991.

This article about an African political party is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burkinab%C3%A8_Communist_Group"

Categories: Africa political party stubs | Communist parties in Africa | Political parties in Burkina Faso

Net Slum

2006-01-19T00:01:00.000Z

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It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into The World. (Discuss)

The Net Slum (also known as the Cyber Slum) is an illegal field existing in The World, the fictional MMORPG of the .hack verse, that was created as a sanctum for hackers, illegal characters, trash data, and similar unwanted/illegal cyberstuff. It is inaccessible to regular players as well as to the administration of The World, making it an ideal hideout for those who would otherwise be banned from the game. The Net Slum is run (and was supposedly built) by the player Helba, a level 99 Wavemaster of unsurpassed hacking skills. An item called a Helba Key is necessary to enter the Net Slum.

In Legend of the Twilight, Shugo and Rena travel with Balmung of the Azure Sky to the Net Slum to escape Kamui, leader of the Cobalt Knights, and to try to find Aura.

*.hack*
.hack//VIDEO GAMES
.hack//INFECTION \| .hack//MUTATION \| .hack//OUTBREAK \| .hack//QUARANTINE \| .hack//fragment \| .hack//G.U. \| The World
.hack//ANIME
.hack//Liminality \| .hack//SIGN \| .hack//Legend of the Twilight \| .hack//GIFT
.hack//PRINT
.hack//AI buster \| .hack//Another Birth \| .hack//Legend of the Twilight \| .hack//ZERO
.hack//CHARACTERS
Aura \| BlackRose \| Kite \| Mia \| Mimiru \| Morganna \| Rena \| Shugo \| Skeith, the Terror of Death \| Zefie
.hack//MISC.
Altimit Corporation \| ALTIMIT OS \| Cubia \| Data Drain \| .hack//ENEMY \| Epitaph of Twilight \| Net Slum \| Pluto's Kiss

This article about a fictional element in a computer or video game is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Net_Slum"

Categories: Articles to be merged | Computer and video game fictional element stubs | .hack

Dock boys

2006-01-18T00:01:00.000Z

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Dock Boys
Dock Boys
Author(s)	Scott Drummond Jeremiah "Jay" Buettner
Website	http://www.dockboys.net
Update schedule	Updates Tuesdays
Launch date	2002 October 3
End Date
Genre	Humor
Rating(s)	{{{rating}}}

Dock Boys is a webcomic created by illustrator Scott Drummond and writer Jeremiah "Jay" Buettner. Both collaborate on the writing of the comic, while Drummond alone does the artwork. The comic is named after the Dock, the house in which the four college-aged main characters live. While Dock Boys originally began as a comic strip for the University of Kansas newspaper, the University Daily Kansan, it now only publishes on the internet. Oftentimes, the humor revolves around typical college situations, such as drinking beer and problems with women.

1 Characters
- 1.1 The Dock Boys Proper
- 1.2 Friends of the Dock
2 See also

[]

Characters

[]

The Dock Boys Proper

Scott - Based on the artist of the comic, Scott is one of the main characters of the strip. He enjoys a good drink, and manages to somehow lazy and busy at the same time. Scott sported sunglasses for nearly two years of the comic (a nod to Ian McConville of Mac Hall), but lost them when a sudden style change occurred.[1]
Jay - Jay is the captain of the University of Kansas Crew team and the voice of reason to Scott's artistic spontinaity, even though he often finds it hard to resist an ice-cold beer or mimosa with his friends.[2] And if there ever is a conflict of interest, it can always be solved through foosball.
Mark - The ladies man of the Dock is Mark, who always seems to be dating a new girl. The rest of the housemates oftentimes get them confused, and no one is really sure if Mark can keep them straight himself.[3] Sometimes, however, Mark is kind enough to lend a bit of relationship advice to his roommates. The real life counterpart to this character is Mark Molner, who lived at the Dock with Scott and Jay. It has been posted that Molner may contribute to the site by writing a relationship advice column, but nothing has come of it as of November 2005.
Pat - Affectionately refered to as "The Pat," this Ecuadorian is the more studious of the men of the Dock. He's not as big a partier as his roommates, which sometimes causes conflict. He can often be found checking for aliens on his computer[4] or planning his next Halloween costume.[5] The character is based on Patrick Landazuri, Drummond and Buettner's real life roommate at the Dock, and now writes music review blogs for the site and attends the University of Kansas School of Medicine.

[]

Friends of the Dock

Travis - Scott's drunken friend from high school that threatens to call his ex girlfriend.[6]
Justin - Another of Scott's friends, who is not as manly as he lets on.[7]
John - A character from Drummond's other web comic, With the Band. In the Dock Boys, John hangs out with Scott and complains about his mother.[8]
Iceman - A member of University Crew team, and friend of Jay's. When Iceman has a date, he comes to Mark for advice.[9]
Katie - Scott's girlfriend of a number of years. She thinks the comic is a stupid idea.
Brett - A girl with a guy's name, and friends with all the Dock Boys. Is a fan of Star Trek.[10]
The Rediculously Hot Girl - A nameless redhead, who is undoubtedly attractive.[11]
The Halloween Witch - A little girl that seems to come by every Halloween.[12][13]

[]

Table Rock

2006-01-17T00:02:00.000Z

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Table Rock may refer to:

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Table_Rock"

Category: Disambiguation

Dae Sung Lee

2006-01-16T00:01:00.000Z

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Dae Sung Lee
Hangul:	이대성
Hanja:	李大成
Revised Romanization:	I Dae-seong
McCune-Reischauer:	Yi Tae-sŏng

Dae Sung Lee is a grandmaster of Taekwondo and operates the US Taekwondo Center in Aina Haina shopping center in Honolulu, Hawaii. Lee was chosen by the United States Tae Kwon Do Union in March 2003 to be Head Coach of the US Olympic team. He was later stripped of his position by the US Taekwondo Union.

1 Background
2 Disqualification from coaching
3 Sources
4 See also

[]

Background

Lee was born in South Korea, and moved to Hawaii in 1971. He studied Tae Kwon Do from the age of 11 and worked his way up to a 6th Degree Blackbelt. He graduated from Moanalua High School and obtained a degree from the University of Hawaii. He is a nine time US National Champion and has won four gold medals in the Pan American Games.

Lee was an uncertified coach for the 2000 Summer Olympics. He was an assistant coach in the 1988 and 1992 Summer Olympics. He was also head coach of the Colorado Springs Tae Kwon Do training center from 1988 to 1993. Lee has operated the Taekwondo Center in Aina Haina since 1993, and has trained over ten thousand students.

[]

Disqualification from coaching

In Feb 2004,the United States Olympic Committee located in Colorado Springs, changed a number of United States Taekwondo Union committee members. They also alleged mismanagement by the US Taekwondo Union. The members placed by the US Olympic committee for the Union that removed Lee were Steve Locke, Tony Baggiano, Rich Bender, Juan Moreno, Virginia Witte.

[]

Sources

http://starbulletin.com/2004/07/29/news/story2.html

[]

Semper

2006-01-14T00:01:00.000Z

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Semper may refer to:

Semper, a Latin word
Semper fidelis, a motto
Sic semper tyrannis, a motto
Semperoper, an opera house in Dresden, Germany
Gottfried Semper, its architect

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semper"

Category: Disambiguation

Hübnerite

2006-01-13T14:04:00.000Z

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Hübnerite is a mineral consisting of Manganese tungstate (chemical formula: MnWO₄).

Molecular weight of 302.79 g/mol. manganese makes up 18.14% of chemical composition, tungsten: 60.72%, oxygen: 21.14%.

Named after German mineralologist, Adolf Huebner.
cleavage:[010] Perfect.
color: Brown, reddish brown, brownish black.
density: 7.15 g/cm³
fracture: brittle.
Mohs hardness: 4.5-between fluorite and apatite.
luster: submetallic.
streak: red-brown.
diaphaniety:Transparent to translucent.
crystalline structure: monoclinic-prismatic.

[]

External links

This article about a specific mineral, mineraloid, or rock type is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%BCbnerite"

Categories: Mineral stubs | Tungstate minerals

Cusack Park

2006-01-12T10:38:00.000Z

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Cusack Park could refer to two Gaelic Athletic Association grounds in Ireland.

Cusack Park, in Ennis, home of Clare GAA
Cusack Park, in Mullingar, home of Westmeath GAA.

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cusack_Park"

Category: Disambiguation

List of Latin phrases

2006-01-11T00:01:00.000Z

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This article has recently undergone a major revision or rewrite and needs further review.
You can help!

This page lists direct English translations of common Latin phrases, such as veni vidi vici and et cetera. Some of the phrases are themselves translations of Greek phrases, as Greek rhetoric and literature reached its peak centuries before that of Ancient Rome.

Be aware that the Latin letter I can be used as either a vowel or a consonant. When used as a consonant, it is often replaced by the letter J by Medieval convention, especially in legal terminology—hence phrases like de iure are often spelled de jure. On this list, the more common form will be the one a phrase is listed under: thus, de jure is used instead of de iure, and alea iacta est instead of alea jacta est.

The list is divided alphabetically into three pages:

[]

External links

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Latin_phrases"

Categories: Recently revised | Latin phrases | Language lists | Lists of phrases

Martherenges

2006-01-10T00:01:00.000Z

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Martherenges
Canton	Vaud
District	Moudon
Coordinates	46°40′N 6°45′E
Population	66 (2003)
Area	0.83 km²
Elevation	767 m
Postal code	1063
SFSO nbr	5676
Mayor
Website	?
Localities	{{{places}}}
Surrounded by	{{{neighboring_municipalities}}}
Demonym	{{{demonym}}}

Martherenges is a municipality in the district of Moudon of the Canton of Vaud, Switzerland.

	Municipalities of the district of Moudon (Switzerland)
	Boulens \| Brenles \| Bussy-sur-Moudon \| Chapelle-sur-Moudon \| Chavannes-sur-Moudon \| Chesalles-sur-Moudon \| Correvon \| Cremin \| Curtilles \| Denezy \| Dompierre \| Forel-sur-Lucens \| Hermenches \| Lovatens \| Lucens \| Martherenges \| Montaubion-Chardonney \| Moudon \| Neyruz-sur-Moudon \| Ogens \| Oulens-sur-Lucens \| Peyres-Possens \| Prévonloup \| Rossenges \| Sarzens \| Sottens \| Saint-Cierges \| Syens \| Thierrens \| Villars-le-Comte \| Villars-Mendraz \| Vucherens \|
	Canton of Vaud \| Municipalities of the canton of Vaud \| Switzerland

This Switzerland location article is a stub. You can help by expanding it.

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martherenges"

Categories: Municipalities of Switzerland | Municipalities of the canton of Vaud | Switzerland geography stubs

Aleksandr Borisovich Kurdyumov

2006-01-09T00:01:00.000Z

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Aleksandr Borisovich Kurdyumov is a member of the State Duma. He is a member of the LDPR. He was born in 1967. He became a Parlamentarian in 2003.

This article about a Russian politician is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aleksandr_Borisovich_Kurdyumov"

Categories: Russian politician stubs | Russian politicians

The Secret Diary of Desmond Pfeiffer

2006-01-08T00:01:00.000Z

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The Secret Diary of Desmond Pfeiffer was a sitcom that ran on UPN in 1998. It told the story of an African-American man who worked as a butler for President Abraham Lincoln during the American Civil War, and as such was a highly controversial program

This article about a television program originating in the United States is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Secret_Diary_of_Desmond_Pfeiffer"

Categories: United States television program stubs | Black sitcoms

Youth Party of Slovenia

2006-01-07T00:01:00.000Z

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Politics of Slovenia
Politics of Slovenia Political parties in Slovenia Constitution of Slovenia Elections in Slovenia: 2004

The Youth Party of Slovenia (Stranka mladih Slovenije) is a political party in Slovenia. It is led by Darko Krajnc. At the last legislative elections, 3 October 2004, the party won 2.1 % of the popular vote and no seats. At the 2000 elections, the party won 4.34 % of the vote and 4 seats.

Established 4 July 2000, by those dissatisfied with the political situation at the time, the Youth Party of Slovenia sought to regenerate politics within the country. Traditionally, the youth in Slovenia have been unresponsive to political issues and though the party strongly encourages young people to get involved it considers itself a party for anyone who desires a fresh and spirited approach to politics in Slovenia.

[]

External link

Official web site

This article about a European political party is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Youth_Party_of_Slovenia"

Categories: Europe political party stubs | Political parties in Slovenia

Sathinee Chankrachangwong

2006-01-06T00:01:00.000Z

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Sathinee Chankrachangwong (born 25 June 1982) is a female badminton player from Thailand.

Chankrachangwong competed in badminton at the 2004 Summer Olympics in women's doubles with partner Saralee Thungthongkam. They defeated Denyse Julien and Anna Rice of Canada in the first round and Chikako Nakayama and Keiko Yoshimoti of Japan in the second. In the quarterfinals, Chankrachangwong and Thungthongkam lost to Zhang Jiewen and Yang Wei of China 15-2, 15-4.

This biographical article relating to the sport of badminton is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sathinee_Chankrachangwong"

Categories: 1982 births | Badminton players at the 2004 Summer Olympics | Thai badminton players | Badminton biography stubs

Wharfedale (company)

2006-01-05T00:01:00.000Z

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Wharfedale is the name of a prominent audio equipment manufacturer from the U.K., famous for its loudspeakers. It is part of the International Audio Group.

[]

External links

Wharfedale.co.uk

This corporation or company article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wharfedale_%28company%29"

Categories: Corporation stubs | Loudspeaker manufacturers

Rutter, Ontario

2006-01-04T00:01:00.000Z

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Rutter is a community in the Canadian province of Ontario. It is in the Municipality of French River.

This Northern Ontario geographical article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rutter%2C_Ontario"

Categories: Communities in Ontario | Northern Ontario geography stubs

Monmouth

2006-01-03T00:01:00.000Z

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This is about the Welsh town of Monmouth. For other uses, see Monmouth (disambiguation).

**Monmouth**
Statistics
Population:	8,547
Ordnance Survey
OS grid reference:	Maps for SO505125
Administration
Principal area:	Monmouthshire
Nation:	Wales
Other
Police force:	Gwent Police
Ceremonial county:	Gwent
Historic county:	Monmouthshire
Post office and telephone
Post town:	MONMOUTH
Postal district:	NP25
Dialling code:	01600
Politics
UK Parliament:	Monmouth
European Parliament:	Wales

Monmouth (Welsh: Trefynwy) is a town in south Wales, county town of the traditional county of Monmouthshire. It is situated at the confluence of the River Wye and River Monnow, and hence the name Monmouth, a contraction of 'Monnow-Mouth'. The Welsh name literally means Monnow town - tref (town) + Mynwy (river Monnow).

Monmouth boasts a 13th-century stone gated bridge, unique in Britain as it is the only preserved bridge of its design remaining. After centuries of waiting a second bridge over the Monnow was finally opened on the March 15, 2004, thus allowing the old bridge to become pedestrianised. This project has, however, meant the demolition of the old cattle market, thus Monmouth is no longer the market town it has traditionally been; however, a farmers' market selling local produce is still held.

Monmouth is very much a town of schools. Apart from the comprehensive school with over 1600 pupils, there are two independent schools - Monmouth School and Haberdashers' Monmouth School for Girls. There are also several state primary schools, with most areas served by both infants' and juniors' Schools.

Monmouth is twinned with Carbonne, France and Waldbronn, Germany.

[]

Famous people

Famous people associated with Monmouth include:

Geoffrey of Monmouth, born in 1090 and wrote Historia Regum Britanniae, the 'History of British Kings'

James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth, leader of the Monmouth Rebellion of 1685

Henry V, born in Monmouth castle in 1387, who was immortalised in his victory at Agincourt and the square in the centre of town is named after this battle.

William Jones, a liveryman of Worshipful Company of Haberdashers and founder of the first of the town's grammar schools. (The second was founded late in the nineteenth century, directly by the Haberdashers' Company.)

Norbert Face, inventor of the fishcake.

Lord Nelson, who paid two visits to the town and approved a naval temple on the nearby Kymin Hill. Monmouth is home to a large collection of Nelson material.

Charles Rolls, who lived in Monmouth and was co-founder of the Rolls-Royce company and was the first man to make a non-stop double crossing of the English Channel by plane. There is a statue of Charles Rolls in Agincourt Square, so named in recent years to attract tourists to the town by playing on Henry V's association.

Dave Edmunds, Rock musician who was instrumental in the conception of the nationally famous Rockfield Studios, situated just outside the town, where Queen recorded their hit Bohemian Rhapsody.

[]

External links

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monmouth"

Categories: Monmouthshire | Towns in Monmouthshire | Towns of the Welsh Marches | Welsh county towns

Radiotelevizija Slovenija

2006-01-02T00:01:00.000Z

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Radiotelevizija Slovenija or RTV Slovenija (English: Radio-Television Slovenia) is the national broadcasting corporation of Slovenia. It is based in Ljubljana, Slovenia, with regional RTV centres in Koper and Maribor and correspondents around Slovenia, Europe and the World. It was established on October 28, 1928 as Radio Ljubljana joined by television service in 1958.

The legal foundation for the institution is the Law on RTV Slovenia (Slovenian: Zakon o RTV Slovenija). It is the only network in Slovenia with both radio and television stations. The law also requires it to air radio and television stations for both minorities, which is done with the help of the regional RTV centres (Maribor for the Hungarian minority, Koper for the Italian minority).

Recently, RTV Slovenija has been increasingly active online, especially after a new multimedia portal has been introduced in 2002. The portal includes regular news updates, broadcast archives and live transmissions of most stations, radio and television, online.

1 History
2 Radio stations
3 Television stations
- 3.1 National
- 3.2 Regional
4 External links

[]

History

On September 1, 1928 Radio Ljubljana was experimentally aired for the first time. By October 28, the radio station already had a scheduled programme. On April 11, 1941 the station's transmitter in Domžale was destroyed and the station was occupied by Italian Fascists.

On April 1, 1949 the first TV laboratory was established in Ljubljana. On November 28, 1958 the TV channel got a regular schedule, but it was shared by Yugoslav states, with TV Ljubljana getting around 30% of airtime. In 1960, TV Ljubljana did its first broadcast for the Eurovision, showing ski jumping in Planica. On April 15, 1968 the first news journal in Slovenian was broadcast.

In 1971, TV Koper/Capodistria was launched as the first bilingual TV station in Slovenia, serving Italians in Slovenia and Croatia. In 1984, teletext was introduced, whilst in 1989, Radio Ljubljana started transmitting with RDS. With the Slovenian independence in 1991, the institution renamed itself from RTV Ljubljana to RTV Slovenija.

In 2001, the Multimedia Centre was established, to help introduce new technologies.

[]

Radio stations

There are 3 national and 4 regional radio stations. All of the stations except MMR can be heard online as well.

[]

National

National radio stations are based in Ljubljana and broadcast in Slovene. They can be heard all over Slovenia.

A1 (first station)
Val 202 (second station)
ARS (third station)

[]

Regional

Regional radio stations are based in regional RTV centres, and broadcast in Slovene and/or the languages of the indgienous minorities in the area. They can be heard only in the regions they cover.

The stations are:

Radio Koper (in Slovene, based in Koper, received in Primorska)
Radio Capodistria (in Italian, based in Koper, received in Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Primorska and Istria)
Radio Maribor (in Slovene, based in Maribor, received in Northeastern Slovenia)
MMR - Pomurski madžarski radio (based in RTV Maribor's Lendava studio, received in Transmuraland)

[]

Other

Other radio stations:

Radio Slovenia International (RSi; in English and German, based in Maribor, heard in various places around Slovenia; for resident aliens and tourists)

[]

Television stations

There are 2 national and 2 regional television stations. Only Slovenija 1 and TV Koper/Capodistria can be watched online.

[]

National

National television stations can be watched all over Slovenia and are based in Ljubljana. They are broadcast in Slovene.

Slovenija 1
Slovenija 2

[]

Regional

Each of the regional RTV centres has its own television station. While Koper's station is bilingual (Italian and Slovene), the Hungarian public has no regional station, but has regular broadcasts on Slovenija 1.

The regional stations are:

TV Koper/Capodistria (in Slovene and Italian, based in Koper, received in Primorska)
Tele M (in Slovene, based in Maribor, received in Northeastern Slovenia)

[]

External links

RTV Slovenija

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiotelevizija_Slovenija"

Category: Slovenian media

Cinema of Karnataka

2006-01-01T00:01:00.000Z

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The Cinema of Karnataka encompasses movies made in the Indian state of Karnataka. Most of the movies are made in the Kannada language, with a handfull of them in Konkani or Tulu.While not as large as Bollywood and Kollywood, Kannada films form an important component of the Cinema of India.

The most popular actor in Kannada films has been Dr. Rajkumar or "Dr. Raj", as he is known to his fans. He has acted in over 200 movies and is a recipient of the Dadasaheb Phalke Award.

Other actors, actresses, directors and producers in Kannada films include doyens like B.R. Pantulu, G.V. Iyer, Gubbi Veeranna, Balakrishna, Puttanna Kanagal, Sunil kumar desai and over the last few decades Vishnuvardhan, Ambarish, Aarathi, Bharathi, Manjula, Ravichandran, Anant Nag, Girish Karnad, Girish Kasaravalli, M.P. Shankar, Vajramuni, Shivrajkumar, Upendra, and Narasimharaju.

Music directors who have made their mark in Kannada films include M. Ranga Rao, G. K. Venkatesh, the duo Rajan & Nagendra, Sathyam, C. Ashwath, Hamsalekha, and T.G. Lingappa. Lyrics of Kannada film songs have been penned by Chi. Udayashankar, R.N. Jayagopal, Hamsalekha, and Doddarange Gowda among others. Playback singers in Kannada films have mostly been from outside the state like Dr. P.B. Sreenivos, SP Balasubramanyam, S. Janaki and P. Susheela. Recently, local artists like B.R. Chaya, Rajesh and Manjula Gururaj have also made their mark while Udit Narayan, Chitra and Shankar Mahadevan have also started performing for Kannada films.

[]

External links

Kannada language

Kannada literature | Kannada Wikipedia

Hubli kannada | Kannada language

Kannada film industry | Kannada alphabet | Kannada film | Kannada poetry | Kannada Saahithya Parishath

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cinema_of_Karnataka"

Category: Cinema of India

Airport Road Addition, Texas

2005-12-31T00:05:00.000Z

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Airport Road Addition is a census-designated place located in Brooks County, Texas. As of the 2000 census, the CDP had a total population of 132.

[]

Geography

Airport Road Addition is located at 27°13'12" North, 98°5'59" West (27.219966, -98.099610)^GR1.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 5.5 km² (2.1 mi²). 5.5 km² (2.1 mi²) of it is land and none of the area is covered with water.

[]

Demographics

As of the census^GR2 of 2000, there are 132 people, 42 households, and 39 families residing in the CDP. The population density is 24.2/km² (62.5/mi²). There are 45 housing units at an average density of 8.2/km² (21.3/mi²). The racial makeup of the CDP is 76.52% White, 0.76% African American, 0.00% Native American, 0.00% Asian, 0.00% Pacific Islander, 21.97% from other races, and 0.76% from two or more races. 90.15% of the population are Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There are 42 households out of which 45.2% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 81.0% are married couples living together, 9.5% have a female householder with no husband present, and 4.8% are non-families. 4.8% of all households are made up of individuals and 0.0% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. The average household size is 3.14 and the average family size is 3.23.

In the CDP the population is spread out with 31.8% under the age of 18, 9.1% from 18 to 24, 25.8% from 25 to 44, 22.0% from 45 to 64, and 11.4% who are 65 years of age or older. The median age is 34 years. For every 100 females there are 116.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 104.5 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP is $31,250, and the median income for a family is $31,250. Males have a median income of $20,568 versus $6,250 for females. The per capita income for the CDP is $6,256. 44.7% of the population and 37.5% of families are below the poverty line. Out of the total population, 64.8% of those under the age of 18 and 0.0% of those 65 and older are living below the poverty line.

[]

External links

Maps and aerial photos
- Street map from Google Local or Yahoo! Maps
- Topographic map from TopoZone
- Aerial image or topographic map from TerraServer-USA
- Satellite image from Google Local or Microsoft Virtual Earth

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airport_Road_Addition%2C_Texas"

Categories: Brooks County, Texas | Census-designated places in Texas

Autonomy & Solidarity

2005-12-30T10:11:00.000Z

WikiWalk selects a random page from wikipedia.org each day. Here is today's random page:

Autonomy & Solidarity is a Canadian, radical left, network of collectives and activists who publish the journal Upping the Anti. Through a autonomist Marxist and anarchist analysis, members of Autonomy & Solidarity feel that a revolutionary transformation of society will come as a result of the working class and oppressed people self-organizing a "socialism from below," autonomous of hierarchical state, party, or bureaucratic unionist forms of organization.

The network formed as a tendency within the New Socialist Group in September 2003, and after their founding conference, formally left the New Socialist Group as a tendency in November of the same year.

[]

External Links

Autonomy & Solidarity homepage

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autonomy_%26_Solidarity"

Upper Saxon Circle

2005-12-29T00:02:00.000Z

WikiWalk selects a random page from wikipedia.org each day. Here is today's random page:

A map of the Imperial Circles as at the beginning of the 16th century. The Upper Saxon Circle is shown in pink.

The Upper Saxon Circle (in German, Obersächsischer Reichskreis) was an Imperial Circle of the Holy Roman Empire. It was created in 1512.

The circle was dominated by the two electorates of Brandenburg and Saxony.

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Composition

The circle was made up of the following states:

Name	Type of entity	Comments
Anhalt		Various principalities
Barby	County	Held by the Electors of Saxony from 1659
Brandenburg	Electorate
Cammin	Bishopric	Secularized as a principality held by Brandenburg in 1648
Further Pomerania	Duchy	Held by the Elector of Brandenburg from 1648
Gernrode	Abbacy
Hatzfeld	Principality
Hither Pomerania	Duchy	Held by the King of Sweden from 1648
Hohnstein	County
Lohra and Klettenberg	Lordship
Mansfeld	County
Quedlinburg	Abbacy
Querfurt	Principality	Held by the Elector of Saxony from 1648
Reuß		Various principalities
Saxe-Altenburg	Duchy
Saxe-Coburg	Duchy
Saxe-Eisenach	Duchy
Saxe-Gotha	Duchy
Saxe-Weimar	Duchy
Saxony	Electorate
Schönburg		Various counties
Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt	Principality
Schwarzburg-Sondershausen	Principality
Stolberg	County	Held by the Elector of Saxony from 1738
Walkenried	Abbacy	Held by the Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel from 1648
Wernigerode	County	Held by the Elector of Brandenburg from 1714

[]

Sources

The list of states making up the Upper Saxon Circle is based on that in the German Wikipedia article Obersächsischer Reichskreis.

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upper_Saxon_Circle"

Category: Circles of the Holy Roman Empire

Flybar

2005-12-28T00:01:00.000Z

WikiWalk selects a random page from wikipedia.org each day. Here is today's random page:

Flybar 1200

The Flybar is a modification of the traditional pogo stick design which allows adult riders to propel themselves up to 5 feet in the air. Developed in a collaborative effort between SBI Enterprises, Bruce Middleton and Andy Macdonald, it forfeits the usual spring in favor of 12 elastic bands used for propulsion. It weighs 20 pounds and is capable of producing up to 1200 pounds of thrust.

Flybar 1200

[]

External links

Flybar Website

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flybar"

Category: Physical activity and dexterity toys

P.M.P.O

2005-12-27T17:35:00.000Z

WikiWalk selects a random page from wikipedia.org each day. Here is today's random page:

The upper case letter combination PMPO is the invented abreviation for Peak Music Power Output.
Audio system vendors like to use this term to indicate the peak audio power which it can deliver for a very short duration of time. Usually the PMPO specification of an audio system is used to fool audiophiles with little knowledge. All systems in the market cannot reproduce sound at the indicated phantasy PMPO power. A speaker rated 80 W PMPO could be nominally 4 W RMS rated. When you divide the PMPO value with 20 or more you will get closer to the REAL rated power.

In France they say for PMPO: "pure merde pour les oreilles". PMPO is pure marketing hype - presumably Bigger Is Better. PMPO is a complete fantasy "spec" that has absolutely NO physically justifiable meaning. The claim is just outright dishonest, and the company knows it.

A much better description for an audio system is given by the continuous power specification that it can deliver for indefinitely long periods. It is called RMS power for "Root Mean Square power".

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P.M.P.O"

Categories: Sound | Power

Welcome to WikiWalk

2005-12-26T13:54:00.000Z

WikiWalk is a random walk through the content on wikipedia.org. Using the random feature on wikipedia, one random topic will be posted to this blog each day.

You are encouraged to read up a little on these random topics as they are posted to this blog. If you find any useful resources as you explore these topics, please share them by leaving a comment.

Currently there are no restrictions on what topics are posted here, although this may change with time.

If you have any suggestions, please let me know.

Thanks,
Gavin

WikiWalk

Coach Clayton

Our Friends in the North

Contents

Plot

Background

Production and broadcast

Critical reception

References

External links

Evangelical Free Church of China

Charles Beeder

External links

American Hairless Terrier

History

External links

Rhinophis oxyrhynchus

External links

References

Abdullahi Adamu

Roxana High School

Contents

Sports

For boys

For girls

Non-IHSA-sanctioned sports

Other extracurricular organizations

Notable alumni

References

External links

Aestheticization

Guallatiri

Jadeja

Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago

External links

Mercer Management Consulting

National Health Research Institutes (Taiwan)

Contents

Organization

Research Divisions

Departments

External links

List of Boeing 767 operators

Contents

Africa

Asia

Europe

Middle East

North America

Oceania

South America

Comedi

External links

Solid Gold Saturday Night

Legal egalitarianism

Amphibious warfare

Contents

History

19th century

World War I

World War II

Post-World War II

See also

References

The Scruffs

John Trollope

Ego reduction

See also

Christiaan Snouck Hurgronje

Vectorization

Japanese post-war economic miracle

Contents

American Contributions

Governmental Contributions

MITI

Ikeda Administration and Keiretsu

The shift to liberalization

References

John Hancock (disambiguation)

Bulbmon